Apartheid. USA 1988

September 23, 1987:

Reports of incidents of racial assaults in which blacks and whites were injured in New York City in the first eight months of this year have already significantly exceeded the number of such assaults in all of 1986. The total number of reports of bias-related crimes for the first 8 months of 1987 are now the highest in the seven-year history of the Police Department's Bias Incident Investigating Unit: 301, compared with 286 in all of 1985 and 235 in 1986. From January to the end of August, blacks were the reported victims of 45 racial assaults, primarily by whites, compared with 28 reports of assaults for all of 1986. Whites were the reported victims of 42 racially motivated assaults, primarily by blacks as opposed to 9 reported last year.

Bias crimes are considered those motivated by race, ethnic background, religion, and since July 1985, sexual orientation. Crimes against Jews are listed in a separate category from those against whites and blacks because an anti-Semitic act is seen as rooted in religious bias. The types of crimes include arson, burglaries, robberies, cross burnings, the painting of swastikas, harassment and oral slurs, written slurs, aggravated harassment and assaults. Not reflected in the statistics are three assaults by whites on blacks in the Canarsie and Carroll Gardens sections of Brooklyn and in

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Ozone Park, Queens, within an eight-day period earlier this month.^146.

146. The New York Times, from a report by George James